冰袋敷

建议

2 项研究 · 1 条建议

最后更新: 2026年2月14日

冰袋敷 – 口腔黏膜炎
建议2 项研究

癌症治疗期间使用冰块可降低口腔黏膜炎风险43%。

两项涵盖27项试验和945名患者的Cochrane系统评价证实,冰块疗法是预防癌症患者口腔黏膜炎最有效的策略之一。冰块疗法可降低黏膜炎风险,相对风险为0.57(95% CI 0.43–0.77),且各研究间无异质性(P=0.61)。治疗所需人数为4(95% CI 3–7)——即每4名患者使用冰块疗法,即可预防1例黏膜炎。在接受包括骨髓移植在内的各种治疗的不同类型癌症患者中,冰块疗法是所有评估策略中仅有的两种疗效证据最强的干预措施之一。其应用方法是在化疗输注期间将冰块含在口中,以收缩局部血管,减少黏膜药物暴露。

证据

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发布日期: 2010年1月1日

一项Cochrane系统评价评估了预防癌症患者口腔黏膜炎的干预措施,发现冷冻疗法(冰块)在预防黏膜炎方面显示出益处。该评价评估了多项随机对照试验,这些试验纳入了接受包括骨髓移植在内的各种癌症治疗的不同类型癌症患者。在所有评估的黏膜炎预防策略中,冷冻疗法是仅有的两种干预措施之一(另一种是角质细胞生长因子),其疗效证据最为充分。

作者: Bryan, Gemma, Clarkson, Jan E., Furness, Susan, Glenny, Anne-Marie, Khalid, Tasneem, Littlewood, Anne, McCabe, Martin G., Meyer, Stefan, Worthington, Helen V.

发布日期: 2003年1月1日

一项系统性综述纳入了27项随机对照试验,共945例患者,研究其黏膜炎的发生情况。在测试的8种预防性药物中,仅冰块显示出预防黏膜炎的有效性。冰块可降低黏膜炎的风险,相对风险为0.57(95% CI 0.43-0.77),具有统计学意义,且各研究间无异质性(卡方检验0.26,自由度=1,P=0.61)。治疗所需人数(NNT)为4(95% CI 3-7),这意味着每4名患者使用冰块,即可预防1例黏膜炎。当基线黏膜炎发生率在50%至80%之间时,NNT分别为5和4。